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Medieval Times

Medium aevum -- Medieval or The Middle Ages. We think of knights in shining armor, lavish banquets, wandering minstrels, kings, queens, bishops, monks, pilgrims, and glorious pageantry...

Members: 27
Latest Activity: Feb 17, 2014

The Middle Ages (adjectival form: medieval or mediæval) was a period of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The period followed the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, and preceded the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period in a three-period division of history: Classical, Medieval, and Modern. The term "Middle Ages" (medium aevum) was coined in the 15th century and reflects the view that this period was a deviation from the path of classical learning, a path supposedly reconnected by Renaissance scholarship.

The Early Middle Ages saw the continuation of trends set in Late Antiquity, depopulation, deurbanization, and increased barbarian invasion. North Africa and the Middle East, once part of the Eastern Roman Empire, were conquered by Islam. Later in the period, the establishment of the feudal system allowed a return to systemic agriculture. There was sustained urbanization in northern and western Europe. During the High Middle Ages (c. 1000 - 1300), Christian-oriented art and architecture flourished and Crusades were mounted to recapture the Holy Land. The influence of the emerging nation-state was tempered by the ideal of an international Christendom. The codes of chivalry and courtly love set rules for proper behavior, while the Scholastic philosophers attempted to reconcile faith and reason. Outstanding achievement in this period includes the Code of Justinian, the mathematics of Fibonacci and Oresme, the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas, the painting of Giotto, the poetry of Dante and Chaucer, and the architecture of many great cathedrals such as Notre Dame de Paris.

# Middle Ages (Europe, 4th century - 15th century)

* Early Middle Ages European (AD 500–1000)
o Dark Age (Europe, 4th century - 900)
o Viking Age (Scandinavia, Europe, 793–1066)
* Asuka period, Nara period, Heian period, Kamakura period, Muromachi period, and Azuchi-Momoyama period (Japan, 538 - 1603)
* Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (China, 420 - 960), Liao Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty (1115–1234), Western Xia Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, and Ming Dynasty (China, 220 - 1644)
* Classic and Postclassic eras, Central America (200 - 1519)
* Gupta Empire, Pala Empire, Rashtrakuta, Hoysala Empire, and Kakatiya Empire (India, 280 – 1323)
* Islamic Golden Age (Islam, 700 - 1300)
* High Middle Ages (Feudalism) European military expansion (1000–1450)
* Srivijaya (Indonesia, 3rd century to 14th century), Tarumanagara (358-723), Sailendra (8th & 9th centuries), Kingdom of Sunda (669-1579), Kingdom of Mataram (752–1045), Kediri (1045–1221), Singhasari (1222–1292), Majapahit (1293–1500)
* Chenla (Cambodia, 630-802) and Khmer Empire (Cambodia, 802–1432)
* Anterior Lý Dynasty and Triệu Việt Vương, Third Chinese domination, Khúc Family, Dương Đình Nghệ, Kiều Công Tiễn, Ngô Dynasty, The 12 Lords Rebellion, Đinh Dynasty, Prior Lê Dynasty, Lý Dynasty, Trần Dynasty, Hồ Dynasty, Fourth Chinese domination (Vietnam, 544 - 1427)
* Early Intermediate, Middle Horizon, Late Intermediate, Late Horizon (Peru, 200 - 1534)
o Huari, Chimú, Chincha, Chanka Confederation, Tiwanaku, Inca
* Late Middle Ages European (1300–1500)
o The Renaissance (Europe, 14th century - 16th century)

Discussion Forum

College of Arms www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/about-us/history

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 31, 2014.

Medieval Tavern Names By Medievalists.net

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 31, 2014.

Becoming a Medieval Knight by Matt Ward

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 31, 2014.

Dee, John 1527-1608‏ by Betuel-Lilith Sairalindë Elanessë

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 30, 2014.

Phthiriasis: the riddle of the lousy disease J. Bondeson

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 29, 2014.

Sex and obscenity in medieval art Leslie Smith

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 29, 2014.

Anesthesia Drugs in the Medieval Muslim Era Dr. Ali Muhammad Bhat

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 29, 2014.

Tempus Fugit By Danièle Cybulskie

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 24, 2014.

The Universal Spider: King Louis XI By Susan Abernethy

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 24, 2014.

Women, Gender and Lordship in France, c.1050–1250 by Kimberly A. LoPrete

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 23, 2014.

King Edmund Ironside By Susan Abernethy

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 19, 2014.

Youth and Old Age in Late Medieval London Erik Spindler

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 16, 2014.

European Kingdoms Germanic Tribes

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 16, 2014.

Reconsidering Agatha, Wife of Eadward the Exile

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 12, 2014.

Lleision ap Morgan Makes an Impression: Seals and the Study of Medieval Wales

Started by Dept of PMM Artists & things Jan 12, 2014.

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Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on February 17, 2014 at 10:24am

Merovingians: The Once, The Present, & Future kings

The Iconic Gryphon...the Normans...and, Scotland:

(Pictured: Arms 'Ancient Lauder)

***Note: The following text has been redacted from an article entitled, 'Lauder Coats Of Arms And Crests'...to view article in its entirety, see attached link.***

http://www.electricscotland.com/webclans/htol/lauder4.htm

"According to all the sources I have consulted, the ancient family of Lauder bore arms long before any established heraldic authority existed in Scotland.

***It is probable that, as Normans, they brought their arms – a griffin – with them when first entering Scotland in 1056. From about the year 1000, Normans were decorating their shields, especially with wavy crosses and with beasts. Alexander Nisbet, writing in his famous Systems of Heraldry in 1722, seems to think that the Lauders may originally have been Flemish or German and suggests this is where they acquired the griffin from, as in the 11th century only the Germans were known to be using this mythical

Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on February 4, 2014 at 3:02pm

The History of Wales

4th February.

Owen Tudor (Owain ap Maredudd ap Tudur) a prominent member of the Tudor dynasty and grandfather of Henry VII was executed at Hereford on 4th February 1461.

Owen Tudor's father Maredudd ap Tudor (Meredith) had along with his two brothers Rhys and Gwilym been stalwarts of Owain Glyndwr's uprising of 1400 and when the uprising ebbed away Maredudd lost most of his land to the English Crown. He saw his chance to improve his position in society by moving to London and changing his son's name from Owain ap Maredydd to Owen Tudor. This is one of the first instances where a surname is used by a Welshman and had he taken his father's name (rather than his grandfather) the royal English Dynasty that ruled England for the next hundred years would have been called The Meredith Dynasty. After Maredudd died, Owen became the ward of his father's second cousin, Lord Rhys and at the age of seven he was sent to the English court of Henry IV as page to the King's Steward.

1415 - Owen fought for the English at Agincourt and afterwards was granted "English rights" and permitted to use Welsh arms in England. (King Henry IV had deprived Welshmen of many civil rights.)

1422 - Henry V died and confusion swept through England, the infant Henry VI was now King of England and Henry V's widow Catherine of Valois was kept under watch as whoever she wed would become step-father to the king

1431 - Catherine met and by some accounts, married Owen. The origin of Catherine and Owen's romance is obscure, but later chroniclers attributed it to drunkenness (at a ball, Owen was so drunk that he stumbled and fell into the queen's lap) or voyeurism (the queen saw Owen bathing in a stream and was attracted to him; she secretly traded places with her maid and arranged to meet him in disguise. They had four children including Edmund and Jasper

1442 - Henry VI began to take an interest in the upbringing of his step brothers Edmund and Jasper and they were brought to London.

1452 - Edmund was created earl of Richmond and Jasper was created earl of Pembroke and Henry VI recognized them as his brothers

1457 - Henry Tudor (later to become Henry VII) was born at Pembroke Castle the only child of Edmund Tudor and Margaret Beaufort. Edmund had died 3 months earlier as a a result of defending Carmarthen Castle from the Yorkists

1460 - Henry VI was deposed by Edward IV and imprisoned

1461 - At the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in Herefordshire, Owen Tudor led the Lancastrian forces, who were defeated by the Yorkists and he was subsequently beheaded at Hereford.

Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on February 4, 2014 at 8:14am

Heritage Of Scotland

Did You know?

"In the days when flags and banners were important to identify opposing elements in battle, King William I "the Lion" who lived from 1143 to 1214, adopted a heraldic device showing a rampant lion, the king of beasts, rearing up with three paws stretched out. This became the royal coat of arms in Scotland. The lion was also incorporated into the Great Seal of Scotland which was placed on all official documents.

When the royal coat of arms was being designed, the lion rampant was obviously incorprated, with the Latin motto "Nemo me impune lacessit" meaning "No one attacks me with impunity". In Scots, that became "Wha daur meddle wi' me?"

The lion rampant flag strictly speaking belongs solely to the monarch - though a Royal Warrant has been issued allowing it to be displayed as a token of loyalty to the crown.

At one time, using the royal coat of arms unlawfully, could have resulted in a stiff fine - or worse! "

source: http://bit.ly/1gIHasl
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Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on January 19, 2014 at 2:23pm

1. http://jessehurlbut.net/wp/mssart/?tag=jester - Medieval Manuscripts gallery.

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2. http://www.emilybalivet.com/emilybalivet.html Emily Balivet, is an entirely self-taught, freelance colorist who has been producing art in the style of figurative realism for over 20 years.

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3. http://www.wopc.co.uk/austria/hofamterspiel.html - The Hofämterspiel cards- reflection of the political relationships in Central Europe in the mid-15th century.

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4. http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/ - Use this website to view digitised copies of manuscripts and archives in the British Library’s collections, with descriptions of their contents.

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5. http://www.english.cam.ac.uk/medieval/zoom.php?id=375 - The literature and visual culture in the middle ages

Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on September 29, 2011 at 7:28pm
Amateur detector unearths rare medieval find

Published Date: 30 September 2011
A CHANCE discovery has led to the uncovering of what is being claimed as one of the most significant relics of Scotland's medieval history.
If correct, the pommel from the sword of a 13th-century Crusader is only the second recorded discovery of a Crusader's weapon in Scotland, and by far the best preserved.

Experts at the National Museums of Scotland have confirmed the item as a "par
ADVERTISEMENT
ticularly interesting find", while one historian insists it gives new clues about Scotland's role in the Crusades.

Rosslyn Chapel, outside Edinburgh, has long been rumoured to be the home of the treasure gathered by the Knights Templar, the Christian military orders that fought in the Crusades.

The historic find was made in January by George Burns, a metal detecting enthusiast, and was lying discarded in a soggy field in Selkirkshire.

He said: "I'd discovered a sword pommel before in the Blainslie area many years ago, so I knew what it was, but the near-perfect condition of what looked like solid bronze, the clarity of its design and its 18 distinct facets really intrigued me."

Mr Burns, 62, has been metal detecting for the last 16 years. The pommel has the letters SION inscribed on it, which Mr Burns recognised as referring to Jerusalem. He showed it to Selkirk historian and author Walter Elliot, who confirmed the significance of the find.

The historian was sure the weapon had seen use in the Holy Land.

Mr Elliot said: "The etched designs are quite crude, but, apart from SION, clearly visible are the letters US REX JUDE, which is a fragment of IEUA NAZARENUS REX IUDEREM of Jesus of Nazareth, king of the Jews.

"The pommels of Crusader's swords were customised and this inscription was quite common in the 13th-century because it was believed to give protection against violent death in battle."
Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on September 29, 2011 at 1:03pm
photo

Ethiopian Manuscript, Gondar Homiliary, Walters Manuscript W.835, fol. 84v

This Homiliary was created in Gondar, Ethiopia during a period of artistic flowering in the late seventeenth century. The Imperial court and its accompanying aristocracy took up permanent residence in Gondar at this time, and the taste of these wealthy patrons for paintings and extensive image cycles is exemplified by this richly illuminated manuscript. The text, a Homiliary focused on the miracles of the Archangel Michael, combines liturgical readings with forty-nine brightly colored renderings of God, St. Michael, and the miracles related in the text. Sections of the manuscript would have been read aloud on monthly feast days of the Archangel, and the images would have punctuated the readings. The artists were likely trained as painters, rather than solely manuscript illuminators, and their art can therefore be linked stylistically to contemporary mural painting. The Archangel helping Susanna preserve her purity.

Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on February 14, 2011 at 2:10pm
European Middle Ages 


   
Comment by Dept of PMM Artists & things on January 31, 2011 at 10:13am
   In Medieval times, marriages were often done by arrangement. The couple were generally strangers until they met at the altar or briefly when they were betrothed and the marriage contracts were negotiated. One of the possible reasons for the bride veil was to insure that the arranged marriage was sealed before the groom could understand what he had received. Girls were as young as 12 when they married, and boys as young as 17.
   After the marriage was arranged, a wedding notice or banns was posted on the door of the church. The notice was put up to ensure that there were no grounds for prohibiting the marriage. The notice stated who was to be married, and if anyone knew of any reasons the two could not marry. If the reason were a valid one, the wedding would be prohibited. There were many reasons for prohibiting a marriage: rape, adultery, incest, consanguinity (too closely related), or if either had taken a monastic or religious vow (sometimes widows or widowers took vows of celibacy on the death of their spouse).
   The ceremony could not take place during a time of fasting, such as lent or advent. Church ceremonies took place outside the church door before entering the church for a nuptial mass. The man stood on the right side and the woman on the left, facing the door of the church. "The reason being that she was formed out of a rib in the left side of Adam". The ceremony proceeded with the blessings, vows, and ring exchange. As husband and wife, the newly wed entered the church, where they kneeled before the altar. At the altar, the priest gave a prayer and blessing, followed by the nuptial mass. Many of the things that took place during a medieval wedding have become traditions, and are currently practiced today.
Comment by Mrs. Peel on September 7, 2010 at 11:12am
Hello and welcome..I'll be adding more to the group shortly!
Comment by msospreywoman on August 17, 2010 at 10:38am
Thanks for the invitation

Looking forward to meeting and communicating with all and learning more.

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Patchwork Merchant Mercenaries had its humble beginnings as an idea of a few artisans and craftsmen who enjoy performing with live steel fighting. As well as a patchwork quilt tent canvas. Most had prior military experience hence the name.

 

Patchwork Merchant Mercenaries.

 

Vendertainers that brought many things to a show and are know for helping out where ever they can.

As well as being a place where the older hand made items could be found made by them and enjoyed by all.

We expanded over the years to become well known at what we do. Now we represent over 100 artisans and craftsman that are well known in their venues and some just starting out. Some of their works have been premiered in TV, stage and movies on a regular basis.

Specializing in Medieval, Goth , Stage Film, BDFSM and Practitioner.

Patchwork Merchant Mercenaries a Dept of, Ask For IT was started by artists and former military veterans, and sword fighters, representing over 100 artisans, one who made his living traveling from fair to festival vending medieval wares. The majority of his customers are re-enactors, SCAdians and the like, looking to build their kit with period clothing, feast gear, adornments, etc.

Likewise, it is typical for these history-lovers to peruse the tent (aka mobile store front) and, upon finding something that pleases the eye, ask "Is this period?"

A deceitful query!! This is not a yes or no question. One must have a damn good understanding of European history (at least) from the fall of Rome to the mid-1600's to properly answer. Taking into account, also, the culture in which the querent is dressed is vitally important. You see, though it may be well within medieval period, it would be strange to see a Viking wearing a Caftan...or is it?

After a festival's time of answering weighty questions such as these, I'd sleep like a log! Only a mad man could possibly remember the place and time for each piece of kitchen ware, weaponry, cloth, and chain within a span of 1,000 years!! Surely there must be an easier way, a place where he could post all this knowledge...

Traveling Within The World is meant to be such a place. A place for all of these artists to keep in touch and directly interact with their fellow geeks and re-enactment hobbyists, their clientele.

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